PESTEL analysis of the global coffee industry

PESTEL analysis of the global cocoa industryCorporate strategy is the way of life a company or organization creates values through the configuration and co-ordination of its multi- food market activities (Collis, 1997).Coffee is the most widespread drink in the world with slightly half-a-trillion cups consumed every year. There be two fundamental types of java espresso and regular, or non-espresso. Espresso is the variety of coffee available in cafs and restaurants, whilst regular coffee is generally meant for the home. well-nigh 70% of the worlds coffee is produced by the Americas of which Brazil contributes 30% to the global point of intersectionion.The coffee industry of the world employs n beforehand(predicate) 25 one million million masses while approximately 5 million people work in the coffee industry in Brazil. Brazil has in excess of 3 billion coffee plants. The cardinal major kinds of commercially produced coffee bean argon Arabica, Robusta in addition to Liberia. Brazilian Coffee production figures rose by more than 12 million (60kg) bags to an amazing 46 million during 2008 making the country streets ahead of the other two top world coffee producers of Vietnam (19.5 million bags) and Colombia (13 1 million bags).PORTERS cinque FORCES Threat of substitutionOther bever get alongs apart from coffee the substitutes argon tea, soda, fruit juice, water, beer and other alcoholic drinks, other quickgrab foods apart from pastries, muffins, doughnuts, etc. displaceend or less luxurious coffee places. Places that offer people a place to hang out, chat, relax or even work allow tea houses, fast food places, icecream parlors, sidewalk cafes, and bars and pubs. Accordingly when there are so many substitutes available, the threat is lavishly and seems to be increasing by day to day.Threat of new entrantsSome of the more current and ongoing threats of new entrants include fast food arrange such as McDonalds, Burger King and Dunkin Donuts. The entry barrier for the coffee industry is relatively moderate. Any large and wellfunded company where capital is not a problem could be potential entrants, since they have a strong brand image over the industry.RivalryThere are many big players in the Brazil retail coffee market and with large no of small outmatch coffee shops big players have to fight out with small shops crosswise different regions in US. With most of the nodes taking coffee to home and provides convenience which is the major calculate for them. There is an intense competition among the players to build up their customer base.Bargaining power of suppliersThere is more bargaining power for suppliers since the advancement in technological innovations such as automated coffee machines, latte and espresso machines, etc has make them to bargain over the industry. These compounds, has made the supplier power high.Bargaining power of buyersBuyers do not have the power to bargain in the market, considering Starbucks. The she er scale of Starbucks business lessens the bargaining power of any single group of buyers. McDonalds who claim to offer premium roast coffee of sane tonus at a lower price, so buyers need not bargain their involve.PESTELPolitical/LegalHigh standards relating particularly to coffee producing methods are becoming more important in the industry and may gain political prominence. There is increasing pressure for businesses to look at ethically, that is, socially, environmentally, and economically responsible.This is reflected in the coffee industry by an increased assume and rising market value for sustainable coffees such as certified coffee and fair trade coffee, which guarantees a fair price to producers. The fair trade market which is in a flash worth 100 million, is growing with developments such as Tescos launch of their deliver Fair trade range. Fair trade is also a means by which the coffee shop industry can differentiate their products and gain a socially responsible re putation Starbucks customers now have the picking to buy fair trade coffee. Oxfam have claimed there is a niche in the coffee shop market and have responded bylaunching their own brand of Fair trade coffee Progresso which is sold on already established premises such as bookstores.EconomicalThe impact of coffee on Brazilian economy was much stronger. The greater difficulty of coffee production and trade established important sectorial linkeages within the Brazilian economy. Coffee was the invention of the economy, accounting for 63% of the countrys exports. Brazilian economy went through periods of emergence but also difficulties and increasing trends towards coffee overproduction. The economic performances and development prospects of many developing countries are largely dependent on commodity issues. (Photius.com, 2004)SocialThe coffee market must adapt to a change in consumer attitudes or else it may be threatened by health and life title issues. In 2003 the hot drinks market declined by an estimated 2.3%. Consumers, especially young people, are becoming more health assured which makes coffee a less attractive choice the increasing number of alternatives available such as health and energy drinks are becoming competitors in the coffee industry. Research carried out by Mintel shows that there is an increased diversification of tea, with a trend towards premium and herbal teas. The coffee industry are responded to this change in attitude by provision of de-caf drinks, options such as soy milk, and alternative drinks such as freshly squeezed fruit juices, chai lattes and herbal teas.TechnologicalConsumers are less inclined to buy coffees and teas in supermarkets overdue to the wide variety of coffees that are available in coffee shops today. Hi-tech equipment and premium ingredients are now easily accessible and are used to make a variety of hot and cold beverages that are sold in coffee shops from cappucinos to the ice amalgamate coffees. As a result co nsumers are becoming more knowledgeable about the ranges of specialised fresh coffees and premium teas that are available, and their tastes are changing to heed them.EnvironmentalThe environmental impact is almost always positive and it is important that coffee production and processing should be taken into account for environmental needs to make sure optimal physical sustainability. Even more necessary is that the economic environment should be such as to encourage stability and reasonable living standards for the populations involved with coffee and to make sure the sufficient care should be given to make sure the maintenance of the prime(prenominal). (Change the environment.)http//www.ico.org/sustainable_coffee.aspSTRUCTURAL DRIVERS OF CHANGE point of intersection InnovationProduct innovation is a driving force that has allowed the coffee industry to grow. Coffee drinks were developed as an anytime coffee drink. Such drinks are Espressos, Cappuccinos, Frappaccinos, Lattes, and Mochas. Whether a consumer standardizeds it hot or cold is no difference now iced coffee is for those that do not feel like a hot cup. Black, White, Irish, Turkish and Americano are also other types of coffee to choose from. Flavored coffee is a pillar innovation to this product category allowing different consumers taste buds to run wild. Chocolate cover coffee beans are another innovation to the coffee industry.This industry growth has also allowed companies the opportunity to promote to different consumer markets. Young and old purchasers, people that like hot or cold coffee, and those that like a coffee drink in the morning or evening are all targeted now that the product lines have broadened the scope of the industry. Product innovation has helped consumers differentiation issues, along with allowing them to drink it anytime of day they need an extra tasty boost of energy.PricingPrices of coffee are relatively inelastic, with consumers becoming more aware of the quality of the ir coffee, where it is derived from, and the atmosphere in the branded coffee shops. As a result consumers will regard a high priced quality branded product as good value more than two-thirds (70%) of coffee drinkers will pay more for a good cup of coffee. This was evident when Coffee Nation increased sales by moving from a cheap instant coffee to an espresso coffee with improved packaging.Consumers life styleConsumers lifestyle is the other driving force that ties in with the customer base and usage. Society is changing, with the new generations being a huge influence. Parents, a huge factor in the lifestyle, attitudes, and opinions of their children, drink coffee and are, thus, promoting coffee to the offspring. These young persons are looking for caffeine to keep them going through their increasingly busy days. At age 13, who knew that coffee was needed to add to their ever-so hyper lives? Coffee is established as a drink older people consume. Young people are always plan to be older than they are, so coffee is marketed in a different way to the younger generations as specialty coffee and gourmet beverages. Establishing loyalty early while coffee drinkers are young will ensure a prospective future for this industry.http//www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_41/b3954201.htmIndustry life cycle bewilderIntroduction point in timeIn the introduction decimal point the profit will be low and the cost will be very much expensive. The market growth starts with the introduction stage with low competition and high prices and the demand will be comparatively low.Growth stageProfits start with the growth in the sales. Varieties of coffee with added flavors being focused during growth stage to get the brand image, value and growing market share.Maturity stageDuring adulthood stage the profit of the industry increases and the demand also increases. Competition will be very high and customer satisfaction will increase. Saturation takes place due to brand value.Dec line stageIt is very difficult to survive in the market if the industry wont be innovative and introduce new products.By analyzing the life cycle model we can implicate that the coffee industry should come up with new innovative product. The coffee industry lies between the maturity stage and decline stage. Coffee has some advantages in health regards which decreases the diabetes and makes brain alert. Coffee consumers due to raising health concerns they can go for alternatives such as discolour tea which is good for health more than coffee. Therefore I conclude coffee industry will lies between the maturity and decline stage and it may decline if there is any serious health issues occurs around the world.ScenariosSubstitute productEnergy drinks may all together substitute the coffee in future. The countries like china and India being the worlds largest producers of tea. They can come up with new innovative products and it will be created in the retail industry. Considering the hea lth concerns people may prefer green tea than coffee. The Chinese have known about the medicinal benefits of green tea from ancient times. Today scientific look for in Asia and in West is providing hard evidence for the health benefits long associated with drinking green tea. There is also a research representing that drinking green tea reduces high cholesterol, cancer, impaired immune function.http//chinesefood.about.com/library/weekly/aa011400a.htmClimate changeClimate change is just one of numerous factors that may relate global coffee production. The international coffee organization considers it one of the most important ones. Temperature and rainfall conditions are the two main drivers when its come to yield, i.e. production. As temperature increases coffee ripens more quickly leading to a fall in inherent quality. According to Brazil Rising temperatures suggest coffee production will change state viable in areas formerly considered too prone to frosts. Meteorological agenc ies report temperatures consistently above the historical average since the 1990s. However, too high temperatures will reduce the overall acreage with climatic potential for coffee production.www.thecoffeeguide.orgDemand for qualitySince the industry has already passed the maturity stage the players were try to increase the quality by analyzing their brewing systems, and by trying to bring different flavours in the coffee. Following the recommendations of the committee, the international coffee council adopted resolution in February 2002 to implement the coffee quality program. The CQP is designed to improve the balance supply and demand of coffee by stimulating demand through the provision of the better overall standard of quality to the market.http//www.ico.org/improving_quality.asp